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| Beta2-adrenergic agonist ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Beta2-adrenergic agonist
β2-adrenergic agonists, also known as β2-adrenergic receptor agonists, are a class of drugs that act on the beta2-adrenergic receptor. Like other beta-adrenergic agonists, they cause smooth muscle relaxation. Beta2-adrenergic agonists' effects on smooth muscle cause dilation of bronchial passages, vasodilation in muscle and liver, relaxation of uterine muscle, and release of insulin. They are primarily used to treat asthma and other pulmonary disorders.
==Mechanism of action==
Activation of beta-adrenergic receptors leads to relaxation of smooth muscle in the lung, and dilation and opening of the airways.
Beta-adrenergic receptors are coupled to a stimulatory G protein of adenylyl cyclase. This enzyme produces the second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). In the lung, cAMP decreases calcium concentrations within cells and activates protein kinase A. Both of these changes inactivate myosin light chain kinase and activate myosin light chain phosphatase. In addition, beta-2 agonists open large conductance calcium-activated potassium channels and thereby tend to hyperpolarize airway smooth muscle cells. The combination of decreased intracellular calcium, increased membrane potassium conductance, and decreased myosin light chain kinase activity leads to smooth muscle relaxation and bronchodilation.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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